Category: Business

  • Tokenized Stocks Hit Records Across Every Major Venue as Sector Reaches $2.3B

    Tokenized Stocks Hit Records Across Every Major Venue as Sector Reaches $2.3B

    The market for tokenized stocks reached a record $2.3 billion in market capitalization in mid-July, according to Token Terminal data, nearly doubling since March, when the sector first cleared $1 billion, and the growth is showing up across every major issuer at once.

    On July 21 alone, Artemis data recorded all-time highs for Ondo Finance’s tokenized shares outstanding (514.5 million) and holder count (93,880), Backed Finance’s tokenized market cap ($579.4 million), and Robinhood Chain’s tokenized shares (126,720) and equity holder count (36,170).

    Arcus, the tokenized-stock exchange launched this month by the team behind dYdX, posted record daily perps volume of $11.9 million and record open interest of $6.8 million the same day.

    Ethereum leads the sector with 34% of tokenized stock market share, followed by $BNB Chain at 30% and Solana at 23%, per Token Terminal. Tokenized stocks remain a small corner of the broader tokenized real-world asset market — roughly 5% by Token Terminal’s count, while DefiLlama tracks about $27.3 billion in active RWA market cap — but they have been the fastest-growing asset class on Ethereum this year.

    Ondo Extends Its Lead

    Ondo’s tokenized shares outstanding roughly doubled over six months to 514.5 million, while holder count more than tripled to 93,880 — both all-time highs on July 21. Data: Artemis.

    Ondo Finance is the largest issuer with $955 million in onchain equities, per Token Terminal, and its July has been dense with catalysts. The firm partnered with Japan’s SBI Group on July 16 to tokenize Japanese stocks and explore settlement in JPYSC, SBI’s trust-backed yen stablecoin. It also switched on 24/7 minting and redemption for tokenized US stocks and ETFs, added voting rights to its tokenized stocks, and enabled tokenized stock collateral on OndoPerps, its perpetual futures venue — the product behind its record $39.8 million in open interest, per Artemis.

    The firm’s catalog has passed 430 tokenized stocks and ETFs across Ethereum, Solana, and $BNB Chain, and its distribution now runs through MetaMask and Felix on Hyperliquid.

    ONDO traded around $0.41 on July 22 with a market capitalization of $1.99 billion, near the top of its seven-day range of $0.32 to $0.41, per CoinGecko. The token jumped roughly 15% in the 24 hours after the SBI announcement.

    Backed and the Exchange-Issued Wave

    Backed Finance, the Swiss issuer behind the xStocks product distributed on Kraken, Bybit, and Solana DeFi, reached a record $579.4 million in tokenized market cap on July 21, per Artemis. Kraken said xStocks surpassed $25 billion in cumulative transaction volume within eight months of launch. Token Terminal puts xStocks’ onchain holdings at $507 million, with Binance’s bStocks third among issuers at $334 million — a sign exchange-issued products are becoming a distinct growth channel alongside DeFi-native issuers.

    Backed Finance’s tokenized market cap nearly tripled since late January, jumping from about $430 million to over $530 million in a June 29 step-change before its July 21 record. Arcus perp volume, overlaid since its July 1 launch, hit $11.9 million the same day. Data: Artemis.

    New Entrants: Robinhood Chain and Arcus

    Robinhood’s Stock Tokens, issued on the company’s own Layer 2 that launched July 1, remain the smallest of the cohort at $19.3 million in tokenized market cap, but all three of the product’s Artemis metrics — market cap, shares tokenized, and holder count — hit records on July 21. The tokens are available in more than 120 countries and are already being used as collateral on Lighter, a derivatives protocol on the chain.

    The speculative layer is arriving too. Arcus, launched July 1 by dYdX Labs with investment from Robinhood Crypto, offers 24/7 spot trading on 95 stock tokens with zero fees and is rolling out perpetual futures on equities, commodities, and indices with up to 50x leverage. The exchange is not available in the US, UK, or Canada. Its record $11.9 million in daily perps volume, while small against crypto-native perps venues, is an early data point for leveraged trading built on tokenized equities.

    The Road to $3B

    An Ondo executive said in May the company expects the tokenized equity market to reach between $2.5 billion and $3 billion by year-end, per TheStreet. At the current pace — the sector has nearly doubled in four months — that target implies slower growth than the market is delivering.

    Holder counts remain the metric to watch. Ondo’s 93,880 and Robinhood Chain’s 36,170 tokenized-equity holders are records, per Artemis, but are small next to any retail brokerage’s user base. Whether 24/7 settlement, DeFi collateral use, and yen-settled Japanese stocks translate into sustained holder growth is what the next two quarters will show.

  • CertiK: France sees 33 of 52 crypto wrench attacks as H1 2026 exposure hits $124.1 million

    CertiK: France sees 33 of 52 crypto wrench attacks as H1 2026 exposure hits $124.1 million

    CertiK, a blockchain security firm, said on Wednesday that 52 confirmed physical attacks on crypto holders occurred in the first half of 2026. The amount of money at risk was ~$124.1 million, up from $10.5 million the previous year.

    Nowadays, there is a much more common and much more expensive threat to anyone with a known identity who has real crypto.

    There were 52 confirmed incidents, a 33.3% increase year over year from the 39 cases in H1 2025. CertiK defines a wrench attack as any form of violence, intimidation, or credible threat used to force someone to transfer digital assets, provide private keys, or unlock a wallet.

    The tactic is an “established threat vector for cryptocurrency holders,” CertiK said. It works on even strong digital security because it attacks the person, not the software.

    France drives Europe’s wrench attack wave

    Of the 52 confirmed incidents, 39 were in Europe. France alone was home to 33 of them, according to CertiK. Europe was already highlighted as the riskiest region for crypto holders in CertiK’s 2025 wrench-attack report.

    Increasingly, victims are being confronted in their own homes by attackers. CertiK reported that the number of crypto-related home invasions soared from one publicly reported case in H1 2025 to 20 in H1 2026. Kidnappings also increased, from 12 to 16.

    Elsewhere, there was little movement. There were four cases of torture, as in the year before. Each period had one murder in association with a crypto coercion event.

    The rise was attributed to home invasions. The attackers are now finding out where the targets live instead of waiting to catch them somewhere else.

    $124 million exposure figure isn’t stolen crypto

    The ~$124.1 million number is an estimated exposure, not a confirmed theft. It includes ransom demands, money victims paid, and assets later frozen by authorities or providers. Some of this money was never lost.

    The average recorded exposure per incident rose from ~$270,000 in H1 2025 to ~$2.39 million in H1 2026. CertiK says its totals understate the true picture. Attack victims often don’t report them because they’re afraid of getting hurt, being taxed, or having their reputations hurt.

    The half-year total obscures two different phases. The increase was led by Q1 2026, with 35 incidents compared to 22 in Q1 2025. January saw 15 cases compared to 9 a year ago, March had 13 compared to 7, and April shot up to 8 from 2. Then May and June were down below 2025. CertiK attributes that to a combination of better holder security, reporting delays, and law-enforcement pressure. Q2 2026 ended with 17 incidents, the same as Q2 2025.

    Extrapolating the first half in a straight line would indicate about 100 incidents for the entire year. CertiK warns that this is not a prediction, especially given the differences between the two quarters.

    Cryptopolitan reported this month that 63% of the 164,538 traders active in Robinhood Chain’s top memecoins were underwater. Wrench attacks target a different profile. Holders whose money and location are sufficiently obvious that it is worth the trouble to coerce.

    CertiK’s advice is to break the link between a person’s public identity and their holdings. It proposes limiting data that links a name, location, or daily pattern of a holder to ownership of a crypto. Significant assets should be stored so that no one person can move them on demand.

    Crypto holders should keep their wallets, signing tools, and recovery data separate. The company also says that people should make their homes secure, talk to their family about what to do in an emergency, and avoid using sensitive accounts on any devices they take with them when they travel.

  • New Provisions Added to the Anticipated Cryptocurrency Bill, the Clarity Act—Could Be Critical

    New Provisions Added to the Anticipated Cryptocurrency Bill, the Clarity Act—Could Be Critical

    New provisions limiting the ability of presidents and other federal officials to profit from digital assets have been added to the CLARITY Act, a bill under consideration in the US Senate that includes comprehensive regulations targeting the cryptocurrency market.

    According to updated draft legislation obtained by CNBC, US presidents, federal officials, and certain public officials will not be able to issue cryptocurrencies or other digital assets, or sponsor such projects.

    Senate Republicans, in an update to the CLARITY Act on Wednesday, included the first legal limits on how US presidents can earn income from the cryptocurrency sector.

    Related News Flash Analysis of Four Altcoins: “Two Are Bullish, Two Are Bearish”

    The CLARITY Act, which aims to comprehensively regulate the digital asset market, seeks to determine which institutions will oversee the cryptocurrency sector and under what rules. Newly added ethical provisions aim to prevent public officials from using their positions to profit personally from cryptocurrency or digital asset projects.

    If the bill becomes law, U.S. presidents and other federal officials serving in office will face significant restrictions on issuing cryptocurrencies in their own names, sponsoring a digital asset project, or directly profiting from such ventures.

    Previously, US President Donald Trump launched his own TRUMP token, which has recently experienced significant declines.

    *This is not investment advice.

  • Alibaba’s New Qwen Image 3 AI Wants to Be Useful, Not Just Pretty

    Alibaba’s New Qwen Image 3 AI Wants to Be Useful, Not Just Pretty

    In brief

    • Qwen-Image-3.0, released July 21 by Alibaba’s Qwen team, accepts 4,500 tokens of instructions.
    • This enables single-pass generation of complex layouts like newspapers, storyboards, and dense infographic grids.
    • Unlike its predecessor, the release shipped without open model weights, benchmarks, or a technical report; it’s available at chat.qwen.ai with API pricing not yet disclosed.

    Alibaba’s Qwen team launched Qwen Image 3.0 on Tuesday, and the pitch has nothing to do with how beautiful the output looks. It’s about whether the output can actually be used at work.

    Most AI image tools—Reve, Nano Banana, Seedream—are designed to excel at specific areas: creativity, realism, editing capabilities, and so on. Qwen Image 3.0 is going in a different direction. “Qwen-Image-3.0 is not just pursuing ‘good-looking’—it is pursuing ‘useful,’ making image generation a truly deployable productivity tool,” the Qwen team wrote in the official announcement.

    The centerpiece is what the Chinese behemoth Alibaba calls rich content. The model accepts up to 4,500 tokens, which is 4.5 times what the previous generation could process. Tokens are the units of text an AI reads; picture a token as roughly one word or part of a word, so 4,500 of them are several pages of detailed instructions

    That’s enough to describe nine separate infographic panels in a single prompt and get them back as one complete image.

    “The entire image above was generated by Qwen-Image-3.0 in a single pass, rather than being stitched together from multiple images,” Alibaba wrote in its blog. Each panel in the demo contains its own diagrams, formulas, captions, and fine-print text—rendered in one shot, not assembled in post.

    This is the only model capable of achieving this without major errors.

    The second part is what the company calls authentic details. Per Alibaba, the model “supports precise rendering of text as small as 10px, vividly reproducing details like pores and hair strands with lifelike, micro-level depiction.” Ten pixels is fine print—the kind you’ll see on pharmaceutical disclaimers. The model also handles LaTeX—the notation system researchers use to write complex mathematical equations—accurately across full academic paper mockups.

    In our usual tests we give models a few sentences and evaluate how they process them. Qwen Image 3.0 was able to generate the image below, per Alibaba’s official blog.

    We tried this feature using the model’s fastest configuration. Qwen Image 3.0 was able to reproduce one full article from Decrypt. The execution was genuinely impressive, but the result was not flawless.

    The third pillar of Qwen Image 3.0 is deep knowledge. Per the Qwen team, the model “supports native rendering of 12 languages, simulates mainstream interfaces such as web pages, games, and livestreams, and draws on rich world knowledge.” It also connects to the internet to fetch live data, meaning prompting for a weather forecast visual for a specific city and date returns an accurate graphic, not a guess.

    For example, Alibaba shared a photo of an insect on a leaf. The model was able to generate relevant text based on its understanding of the image.

    Alibaba is pitching design studios, content teams, e-commerce operations, and educators who need production-ready visual assets in bulk.

    It’s worth noting, though, that in Alibaba’s own Qwen-Image-Bench evaluation—a benchmark that scores image quality, aesthetics, and real-world fidelity across 18 models—Qwen Image 2.0 Pro, the previous flagship, placed fifth. OpenAI’s GPT Image 2 led the ranking. The new model may perform better, but the launch offers no measured way to confirm it, because it arrived without a benchmark table, downloadable weights, or technical report.

    Qwen Image 1.0 launched with open weights under an Apache 2.0 license and a same-day technical report. This one didn’t. As part of Alibaba’s recent AI push, the evidence here is entirely the hand-picked example images the company chose to publish. API trials are open at chat.qwen.ai. Pricing hasn’t been announced.

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  • Keep an Eye on $68,000 on the Upside and $63,000 on the Downside for Bitcoin—Analysts Warn

    Keep an Eye on $68,000 on the Upside and $63,000 on the Downside for Bitcoin—Analysts Warn

    After Bitcoin surged above $66,000, reaching its highest level in the past month, analysts noted that the $68,000 level could be a critical resistance point. According to experts, Bitcoin testing this region for the first time could create significant selling pressure as investors nearing their cost basis begin to sell.

    Spot Bitcoin ETFs traded in the US recorded net inflows of $203 million yesterday, extending their positive streak for the sixth consecutive trading day. This brings the total net inflow since July 13 to approximately $779 million. Spot Ethereum ETFs also saw inflows of $37.5 million on the same day, marking a third consecutive day of positive trading.

    Bitfinex analysts stated that the next significant level for Bitcoin is $68,000. They noted that this region coincides with the average cost level for short-term investors and the opening price of the second quarter. According to the analysts, investors who bought Bitcoin in the last five months and are still at a loss may choose to sell as the price rises back to their cost levels. Therefore, a strong supply is likely to be encountered during the first test of $68,000.

    Related News Flash Analysis of Four Altcoins: “Two Are Bullish, Two Are Bearish”

    Vetle Lunde, Head of Research at K33, stated that Bitcoin trading volumes continue to remain seasonally low. According to Lunde’s data, as of July 19th, the 30-day spot trading volume was only 62.4% of the annual average.

    Institutional investor activity in the futures market also remains weak. Bitcoin open interest on the CME stayed below 100,000 BTC throughout July, reaching its lowest level since October 2023. This indicates that institutional participation has not yet recovered strongly. While ETF inflows improved during the same period, flows were largely driven by BlackRock’s IBIT fund.

    CapitalCom analyst Daniela Hathorn considers the $63,000 level a significant support point in the short term. According to Hathorn, if Bitcoin remains above this level and settles back above the $65,000-$66,000 range, it could strengthen the upward momentum. Conversely, a loss of the $63,000 support could lead to increased profit-taking by investors, creating renewed pressure on the price.

    *This is not investment advice.

  • Have Bitcoin’s Recent Gains Confirmed a Recovery? Experts Weigh In

    Have Bitcoin’s Recent Gains Confirmed a Recovery? Experts Weigh In

    Cryptocurrency market maker Wintermute analyzed the rise in Bitcoin and Ethereum following the release of June inflation data in the US. The company stated that there are signs of recovery in the structure of the cryptocurrency market, but the upward trend is not yet confirmed.

    The US consumer price index (CPI) fell 0.4% month-on-month in June, marking its largest monthly decline since April 2020. Annual inflation also dropped from 4.2% to 3.5%, below market expectations of 3.8%.

    Following the inflation data, markets largely excluded the possibility of a Fed rate hike in July from their pricing. However, renewed tensions between the US and Iran and the renewed discussion of port blockades caused Brent oil to rise by 15.54 percent during the week.

    Risky assets showed divergent performance. During the same period, Ethereum gained 3.64% and Bitcoin gained 1.46%, while the Nasdaq index fell by 4.16%.

    Following the release of US inflation data, Bitcoin surged from approximately $62,000 to $64,900 in a short period. Ethereum also rose by up to 7%, reaching $1,884. As a result of the rapid market surge, approximately $134 million worth of short positions were liquidated within an hour.

    Spot Bitcoin ETFs traded in the US recorded net inflows of approximately $191 million on Tuesday and Wednesday, ending a ten-day streak of outflows from ETFs.

    Wintermute stated that the recent inflows were a positive development, but compared to the record net outflow of $4.5 billion recorded in June, the current magnitude was insufficient to confirm a new trend.

    Related News Expert Analyst Argues Altcoin Bear Trend is Nearing Its End, Reveals His Favorite Altcoins!

    According to the company, Bitcoin’s ability to maintain its gains following the inflation data release during the sell-off in chip stocks indicates an improvement in the structure of the cryptocurrency market. However, a definitive upward trend has not yet formed in the market.

    Wintermute stated that the relative strength of the market could be confirmed if spot Bitcoin ETFs record uninterrupted net inflows for a week and the Bitcoin price remains above $66,000 for several trading days.

    However, it was added that macroeconomic risks could intensify again if Brent oil rises above $90 or if the Strait of Hormuz is officially closed, and the positive assessment of the cryptocurrency market could lose its validity.

    *This is not investment advice.

  • Ramp opens stablecoin accounts to every business, settling on Solana

    Ramp opens stablecoin accounts to every business, settling on Solana

    Ramp has made stablecoin accounts and payments available to all its customers, giving businesses one platform to hold, send, and receive both regular dollars and stablecoins like $USDC and USDT.

    Until now, most finance teams treated stablecoin payments as a separate hassle, requiring a different wallet, no approval controls, and hours of manual reconciliation.

    One Ramp beta customer found that stablecoin payments made up just 10% of vendor payments but consumed half of their accounts payable team’s time.

    Ramp’s approach folds stablecoins directly into the same system businesses already use for cards, bills, and accounting, so a payment settling in $USDC follows the same approval chain as one settling in dollars.

    “Businesses shouldn’t need a second financial system just because a payment settles on different rails,” said Andrew Chapello, Stablecoin Product Manager at Ramp.

    How it actually works

    Businesses can hold stablecoin balances, earn rewards on them, and pay vendors or employees directly from a stablecoin account, a checking account, or a linked bank account, without needing to pre-fund anything.

    Every transaction syncs automatically into the company’s existing accounting system with the same categorization and audit trail as a regular payment.

    Trending on TheStreet Roundtable:

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    Stablecoin deposits are supported across seven blockchain networks, including Solana, a high-performance blockchain known for its speed and low transaction costs.

    Solana has increasingly become a preferred settlement layer for stablecoin activity, and its inclusion here reflects a broader trend of payment platforms building directly on top of it rather than treating it as one option among many.

    More than 150 businesses adopted stablecoin accounts during Ramp’s public beta, spanning far beyond crypto-native companies, including a farming business and a church managing donations.

    Ramp built the feature in partnership with Stripe, whose Bridge and Privy infrastructure powers the stablecoin issuance and wallets behind the scenes. Stablecoin accounts and payments are now available to all Ramp customers.

  • TRON Network Releases Major Update to Improve Its Technical Infrastructure!

    TRON Network Releases Major Update to Improve Its Technical Infrastructure!

    TRON has implemented a significant update to improve its technical infrastructure. According to a statement from TRON, GreatVoyage v4.8.2 (Pyrrho) is now officially available.

    The new version enhances compatibility with the Ethereum ecosystem while also including various improvements in smart contract execution performance, node management, and network monitoring capabilities.

    With the released update, the TRON Virtual Machine (TVM) has been made more compatible with Ethereum’s Pectra and Osaka upgrades. Additionally, the CLZ (Count Leading Zeros) command has been added for developers, and a new precompiled function for secp256r1 digital signature verification has been introduced. These improvements aim to facilitate the migration of Ethereum-based applications to the TRON network and enhance the developer experience.

    Significant changes were also made to the infrastructure. With the new version, the JSON processing infrastructure was migrated from the Fastjson library to the Jackson platform. In addition, node monitoring and performance metrics were transferred from the InfluxDB system to the Prometheus infrastructure. This aims to make network monitoring, performance analysis, and operational management more efficient.

    The TRON team emphasized that GreatVoyage v4.8.2 is a mandatory update. According to the announcement, node operators need to upgrade to the new version before 11:59 PM on August 16, 2026 (Singapore time). Failure to update by this date may result in node synchronization issues and loss of compatibility with the network.

    On the other hand, TRON’s Event Plugin component has also been updated to version v3.0.0. Node operators using the official plugin are advised to update the Event Plugin first, then upgrade their main node software. Operators using their own custom plugins are recommended to complete compatibility work with the new version as soon as possible.

    Experts believe this update will strengthen TRON’s technical integration with the Ethereum ecosystem, modernize developer tools, and significantly contribute to the network’s long-term scalability and operational efficiency. This is expected to enhance TRON’s competitiveness in decentralized applications and smart contract development.

    *This is not investment advice.

  • U.S. DOJ Moves to Seize $25 Million in Cryptocurrency Linked to International Fraud Ring

    U.S. DOJ Moves to Seize $25 Million in Cryptocurrency Linked to International Fraud Ring

    The U.S. Department of Justice has initiated forfeiture proceedings to seize more than $25 million in cryptocurrency tied to an international fraud investigation, according to a report by The Block. The action marks the latest effort by federal authorities to recover digital assets linked to cross-border financial crimes.

    DOJ Targets Digital Assets in Global Fraud Crackdown

    Prosecutors are pursuing a formal forfeiture action to transfer the seized cryptocurrency to the state, the DOJ confirmed. The assets were secured during a broader investigation into an international fraud scheme, though officials have not disclosed specific details about the alleged perpetrators or the nature of the fraudulent activity. The case underscores the growing role of cryptocurrency in illicit financial networks and the government’s increasing capacity to trace and recover digital funds.

    Broader Recovery Efforts Under the Scam Center Strike Force

    The DOJ’s Scam Center Strike Force, established to combat large-scale fraud, has recovered over $800 million in victim assets to date. This figure includes funds from various schemes, such as investment fraud, romance scams, and business email compromises, many of which involve cryptocurrency as a payment or laundering vehicle. The $25 million forfeiture action is part of this ongoing campaign, which leverages blockchain analytics and international cooperation to identify and freeze illicit assets.

    Implications for the Crypto Industry

    This case highlights the dual nature of cryptocurrency: while it enables financial innovation, it also presents new avenues for fraud. For legitimate investors and businesses, the DOJ’s actions signal a maturing regulatory environment that prioritizes consumer protection and asset recovery. However, the seizure also raises questions about due process for asset owners and the challenges of proving ownership in decentralized systems. The outcome of this forfeiture could set a precedent for how U.S. authorities handle similar cases involving digital assets.

    Conclusion

    The DOJ’s pursuit of $25 million in cryptocurrency tied to international fraud is a significant step in its broader mission to dismantle illicit financial networks. With over $800 million already recovered, the Scam Center Strike Force demonstrates the government’s commitment to using advanced tools to protect victims. As the case progresses, it will provide further clarity on the legal treatment of digital assets in fraud-related forfeiture proceedings.

    FAQs

    Q1: What is the DOJ’s Scam Center Strike Force?
    A: It is a specialized unit within the U.S. Department of Justice that focuses on investigating and recovering assets from large-scale fraud schemes, including those involving cryptocurrency.

    Q2: How does the DOJ trace cryptocurrency in fraud cases?
    A: Investigators use blockchain analytics tools to follow transaction trails on public ledgers, often collaborating with exchanges and international law enforcement to identify and freeze assets.

    Q3: What happens to seized cryptocurrency after forfeiture?
    A: Once forfeited, the assets are typically converted to fiat currency through a government-approved process, and the proceeds are used to compensate victims or fund law enforcement activities.

    Related Reading

    • South Korea Seizes $275 Million in Illicit Crypto and Financial Crime Proceeds
    • Crypto Tracing in Cross-Border Litigation: New York Bar Sets Framework
    • South Korea Customs Unearths 47 Illegal Crypto Money Exchangers in Targeted Crackdown
    • UK Government Cracks Down on Foreign Political Funds, Targeting Reform Party’s Crypto Backers
    • Chilean Regulator Revokes License of Crypto Exchange Linked to Venezuelan Crime Syndicate
  • DAT Went Wrong: Satsuma to Unwind Bitcoin Treasury, Sell Off $43 Million in BTC

    DAT Went Wrong: Satsuma to Unwind Bitcoin Treasury, Sell Off $43 Million in BTC

    In brief

    • Shareholders voted by more than 90% to sell the company’s 668 BTC, return capital, and cancel its London Stock Exchange listing
    • This marks the end of a Bitcoin treasury experiment in under twelve months.
    • Satsuma raised £163.6 million in August 2025 but expects to return only £26.8 to £30 million after wind-down costs.

    The shareholders of Satsuma Technology, a U.K.-based Bitcoin treasury company, have voted to liquidate the company’s entire Bitcoin position and shut down the business, overruling four of its six board members.

    More than 90% of votes cast backed the dual resolutions to sell 668 BTC—worth roughly $43.5 million—and cancel the company’s London Stock Exchange listing, per a Monday filing. The move unwinds the digital asset treasury, or DAT for short—the latest such company to call it a day after the DAT trend picked up steam in 2025.

    Satsuma started life as TAO Alpha, a small AI firm, before rebranding and hiring Mark Moss in August 2025 as its Chief Bitcoin Strategist. Moss is an American Bitcoin commentator with over 700,000 YouTube subscribers known for advising institutions on how to buy and hold Bitcoin as a corporate treasury asset—essentially, a company’s rainy-day fund, but in crypto.

    The same month, Satsuma raised £163.6 million ($218 million) through convertible notes—debt instruments investors can either reclaim as cash or convert into company shares—led by ParaFi Capital, with Pantera Capital, Digital Currency Group, and Kraken joining in. Investors contributed 1,097 BTC directly in place of roughly $97 million in cash.

    The stock peaked around £14 per share, roughly £66 million in market cap, in June 2025. Bitcoin then hit its $126,000 all-time high in October before entering a months-long slide in what became the current crypto winter, dragging the rest of the market—including Satsuma’s stock—with it.

    By December, Satsuma was already selling assets to stay solvent: 579 BTC went for £40 million to ensure it had enough cash to repay noteholders who chose not to convert their debt into shares by year-end.

    The unraveling

    The company’s CFO departed in February 2026; the CEO followed in March. By April, shares had lost more than 99% of their June 2025 value—trading at fractions of a penny—and Pantera Capital, holding about 6.7% of Satsuma’s stock, began pushing publicly for full liquidation.

    The logic was direct: Satsuma’s market cap—the total combined dollar value of all its shares—had fallen well below the value of the Bitcoin sitting on its own balance sheet, the point where owning the stock is strictly worse than owning the coin directly. A group of shareholders representing more than 20% of issued capital formally put the resolution to a vote.

    The board split hard. Four of six directors opposed the liquidation, arguing Satsuma was still a viable listed Bitcoin vehicle. Two sided with shareholders pushing to wind down. Shareholders overruled the board majority by a wide margin.

    The wind-down runs through a “B Share Scheme,” a U.K. legal mechanism for distributing cash assets back to shareholders. Satsuma expects to return between £26.8 million and £30 million after estimated termination costs of £2.7 million—legal fees, severance, delisting charges, and run-off insurance.

    Combined with the £40 million from the December BTC sale, total capital recovered lands around £66–£70 million against the £163.6 million originally raised. And because convertible note holders rank above common equity in any payout structure—meaning they get paid first—ordinary shareholders could walk away with considerably less than even those numbers suggest.

    Satsuma is currently the second-largest U.K.-listed Bitcoin treasury company by holdings. The first is The Smarter Web Company, which holds 2,878 BTC and has not suggested it’s winding down.

    U.K. High Court hearings to approve the capital return are set for August and September 2026. The delisting is expected mid-September, with shareholder payments due by late September.

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